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For individuals experiencing sacroiliac joint/SIJ dysfunction and pain, could applying kinesiology tape help bring relief and manage symptoms? Kinesiology Tape For Sacroiliac Joint Pain A lower back ailment that is common during pregnancy. The pain is usually on one or both sides of the back, just above the buttocks, that comes and goes and can limit the ability to bend, sit, and perform various physical activities. (Moayad Al-Subahi et al., 2017) The therapeutic tape provides support while allowing for movement and may help treat and manage sacroiliac joint/SIJ pain by: - Decreasing muscle spasms.
- Facilitating muscular function.
- Increasing blood circulation to and around the pain site.
- Decreasing muscle trigger points.
Mechanism Some studies have found that taping the SI joint has benefits that include: - One theory is it helps lift and hold the overlying tissues off of the SI joint, which helps decrease the pressure around it.
- Another theory is that lifting the tissues helps create a pressure differential under the tape, like non-surgical decompression, allowing increased circulation to the tissues surrounding the sacroiliac joint.
- This floods the area with blood and nutrients, creating an optimal healing environment.
Application A sacroiliac joint on the right and left sides connects the pelvis to the sacrum or the lowest part of the spine. To apply the kinesiology tape correctly, locate the lowest part of the back within the pelvic area. (Francisco Selva et al., 2019) Ask a friend or family member for help if you can't reach the area. Taping steps: - Cut three strips of tape, each 4 to 6 inches long.
- Sit in a chair and bend the body slightly forward.
- If someone is helping, you can stand and slightly bend forward.
- Remove the lift-off strip in the middle and stretch the tape to expose several inches, leaving the ends covered.
- Apply the exposed tape at an angle over the SI joint, like making the first line of an X, just above the buttocks, with full stretch on the tape.
- Peel the lift-off strips from the ends and adhere them with no stretching.
- Repeat the application steps with a second strip, adhering at a 45-degree angle to the first strip, making the X over the sacroiliac joint.
- Repeat this with the final strip horizontally across the X made from the first two pieces.
- There should be a tape pattern of star shape over the sacroiliac joint.
- Kinesiology tape can stay over the sacroiliac joint for three to five days.
- Watch for signs of irritation around the tape.
- Remove the tape if the skin becomes irritated, and consult your primary healthcare provider, physical therapist, or chiropractor for other treatment options.
- Some individuals with specific conditions should avoid using the tape and get confirmation that it's safe.
- Individuals with severe sacroiliac pain where self-management is not working should see a healthcare provider, physical therapist, and or chiropractor for an evaluation and to learn therapeutic exercises and treatments to help manage the condition.
General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research studies or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies that are available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, don't hesitate to contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References Al-Subahi, M., Alayat, M., Alshehri, M. A., Helal, O., Alhasan, H., Alalawi, A., Takrouni, A., & Alfaqeh, A. (2017). The effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a systematic review. Journal of physical therapy science, 29(9), 1689–1694. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.1689 Do-Yun Shin and Ju-Young Heo. (2017). The Effects of Kinesiotaping Applied onto Erector Spinae and Sacroiliac Joint on Lumbar Flexibility. The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy, 307-315. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18857/jkpt.2017.29.6.307 Selva, F., Pardo, A., Aguado, X., Montava, I., Gil-Santos, L., & Barrios, C. (2019). A study of reproducibility of kinesiology tape applications: review, reliability and validity. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 20(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-019-2533-0
Individuals in post-surgery recovery or dealing with illness or an injury can experience weakened muscles and endurance that can cause temporary loss of sleeping mobility and inability to move around normally because of weakness, decreased range of motion, or pain. Can they benefit from physical therapy to help get back to normal functional mobility? Sleeping Mobility For individuals who are hospitalized or homebound from injury, illness, or surgical recovery, a physical therapist will assess various areas of functional mobility. These include transfers - from sitting to standing positions, walking, and sleeping mobility. Sleeping mobility is the ability to perform specific motions while in bed. A therapist can assess sleeping or bed mobility and recommend strategies and exercises to improve movements. (O'Sullivan, S. B., Schmitz, T. J. 2016) A therapist may have the individual use specific devices, like an over-the-bed trapeze or a sliding board, to help move around. Bed and Sleeping Mobility When a physical therapist checks mobility, they will assess various motions that include: (O'Sullivan, S. B., Schmitz, T. J. 2016) - Moving from sitting to lying down.
- Moving from lying down to sitting up.
- Rolling over.
- Scooting or sliding up or down.
- Scooting or sliding sideways.
- Twisting.
- Reaching.
- Raising the hips.
All of these movements require strength in different muscle groups. By checking out individual motions in sleeping mobility, a therapist can work out specific muscle groups that may be weak and require targeted exercises and stretches to restore mobility to normal. (O'Sullivan, S. B., Schmitz, T. J. 2016) Individuals visiting a therapist in an outpatient clinic or rehabilitation area may have the individual work on sleeping mobility on a treatment table. The same motions on the treatment table can be done in the bed. Importance The body is meant to move. For individuals who cannot move comfortably on their bed, the body may suffer disuse atrophy or the wasting away of muscular strength, which can lead to increased difficulties. Not being able to move can also lead to pressure ulcers, especially for individuals who are severely deconditioned and/or remain in one position for a long period. Skin health may start to break down, leading to painful wounds that require specialized care. Being able to move around in bed can help prevent pressure ulcers. (Surajit Bhattacharya, R. K. Mishra. 2015) Improvement A physical therapist can prescribe specific exercises to strengthen muscle groups and improve sleeping mobility. The muscles include: - Shoulder and rotator cuff muscles.
- Triceps and biceps in the arms.
- Gluteus muscles of the hips.
- Hamstrings
- Quadriceps
- Calf muscles
The shoulders, arms, hips, and legs work together when moving the body around the bed. Various Exercises To improve bed movement, physical therapy exercises can include: - Upper extremity exercises
- Lower trunk rotation
- Glute exercises
- Bridges
- Leg raises
- Short arc quads
- Ankle pumps
Physical therapists are trained to assess these motions and functions and prescribe treatments to improve body movement. (O'Sullivan, S. B., Schmitz, T. J. 2016) Maintaining appropriate physical fitness can help the body stay active and mobile. Performing mobility exercises prescribed by a physical therapist can keep the right muscle groups working properly, and working with a physical therapist can ensure the exercises are correct for the condition and are performed properly. General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research studies or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, don't hesitate to contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References O'Sullivan, S. B., Schmitz, T. J. (2016). Improving Functional Outcomes in Physical Rehabilitation. United States: F.A. Davis Company. Bhattacharya, S., & Mishra, R. K. (2015). Pressure ulcers: Current understanding and newer modalities of treatment. Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India, 48(1), 4–16. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.155260
Nowadays, individuals trying to avoid surgery have more therapy options. Can regenerative medicine help treat neuromusculoskeletal injuries? Regenerative Medicine Regenerative medicine utilizes the body's raw cells and is used in cancer treatment and to reduce the risk of infections. (American Cancer Society. 2020) Researchers are looking for other ways to use these cells in medical therapies. What are These Cells Therapy Regenerative cell therapy uses these cells as a treatment for a disease or condition. - Regenerative cells are given to individuals to replace cells that have been destroyed or have died.
- In the case of cancer, they may be used to help the body regain the ability to produce regenerative cells after treatment. (American Cancer Society. 2020)
- For individuals with multiple myeloma and certain types of leukemia, regenerative cell therapy is used to eliminate cancer cells.
- The therapy is called graft-versus-tumor effect/GvT, where a donor's white blood cells/WBCs are used to eliminate the cancerous tumor. (American Cancer Society. 2020)
What They Can Treat This is a new treatment that is still going through research. The Food and Drug Administration has only approved it for certain cancers and conditions that affect the blood and immune system. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019) Regenerative cell therapy is FDA-approved to treat: (National Cancer Institute. 2015) - Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Multiple myeloma
- Neuroblastoma
- It is also used to decrease the risk of infection after regenerative cell transplantation in individuals with blood cancers. (U.S. Food & Drug Administration. 2023)
Researchers are studying how these cells can treat other conditions. Clinical trials are analyzing how to use the therapy for neurodegenerative diseases like: Cell Types During regenerative cell therapy, the cells are given through an intravenous line. The three places where blood-forming cells can be obtained are bone marrow, the umbilical cord, and blood. Transplants can include: (American Cancer Society. 2020) Autologous - The cells are taken from the individual who will be receiving the therapy.
Allogeneic - The cells are donated by another individual.
Syngeneic - The cells come from an identical twin, if there is one.
Safety The therapy has shown to provide benefits but there are risks. - One risk is known as graft-versus-host disease - GVHD.
- It occurs in one-third to half of allogeneic recipients.
- This is where the body does not recognize the donor's white blood cells and attacks them causing problems and symptoms throughout the body.
- To treat GVHD medications are given to suppress the immune system to stop attacking the donor cells. (American Cancer Society. 2020)
Other potential risks can include: (American Cancer Society. 2020) - Cancer relapse
- New cancer
- Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
- Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder - PTLD
Future Possibilities The future of regenerative cell therapy is promising. Research is ongoing to find out how these cells can treat conditions and find new ways to treat and cure diseases. Regenerative medicine has been researched for over twenty years for conditions like macular degeneration, glaucoma, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. (National Institutes of Health. 2022) This therapy is a new medical treatment that could be used in future therapies as part of a multidisciplinary approach to neuromusculoskeletal injuries and conditions. General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References American Cancer Society. (2020). How stem cell and bone marrow transplants are used to treat cancer. National Institutes of Health. (2016). Stem cell basics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Stem cell and exosome products. National Cancer Institute. (2015). Stem cell transplants in cancer treatment. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. (2023). FDA approves cell therapy for patients with blood cancers to reduce risk of infection following stem cell transplantation. Aly R. M. (2020). Current state of stem cell-based therapies: an overview. Stem cell investigation, 7, 8. https://doi.org/10.21037/sci-2020-001 American Cancer Society. (2020). Stem cell or bone marrow transplant side effects. National Institutes of Health. (2022). Putting stem cell-based therapies in context.
Gender is a concept with many facets. Everyone has a gender expression. Can learning about gender expression help healthcare professionals provide better and more effective treatment plans for the LGBTQ+ community? Gender Expression Gender expression refers to the ways that individuals present their gender identity and themselves. This can be clothing, haircuts, behaviors, etc. For many, there can be confusion between what society expects from their gender and how these individuals choose to present themselves. Gender expression is constructed from the culture that surrounds it, meaning that there may be a shared social expectation about gender. It can also mean that the same feminine hair or clothing style in one setting could be seen as masculine in another. - Society tries to regulate expression by making women wear certain kinds of clothes, and men other kinds, in order to participate in school, work, and when in public.
- When cultures enforce gender norms it is known as gender policing, which can range from dress codes to physical and emotional punishment.
- Creating a safe space for all genders requires awareness of these explicit or implicit gender norms so policing can be prevented. (José A Bauermeister, et al., 2017)
- Research has shown that there are increased rates of discrimination against transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals compared with bias against those who are LGBTQ. (Elizabeth Kiebel, et al., 2020)
Health Care - Gender expression can and does affect access to and quality of health care.
- Individuals with a gender expression that is different from what is expected for their assigned sex at birth may experience increased bias and harassment from providers. (Human Rights Watch. 2018)
- A significant percentage of patients feared health workers would treat them differently because of their expression. (Cemile Hurrem Balik Ayhan et al., 2020)
- Minority stress has been shown to play an important role in health imbalances. (I H Meyer. 1995)
- Research suggests that gender expression is a part of the minority stress described by cisgender sexual minorities and gender minorities. (Puckett JA, et al., 2016)
Better Training - The effects of gender expression are different depending on a person's sex, gender identity, and their setting.
- However, doctors do need to know a person's sex that was assigned at birth to be able to do proper screening tests, like screening for prostate or cervical cancer.
- One way to be more affirming is for the doctor to introduce themselves first, using their own pronouns.
- Health workers should ask everyone what name they prefer to be called and what pronouns they use.
- This simple act invites the patient to share without creating awkward uneasiness.
Each person chooses how to present themselves to the world, and we respect all. We at Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic will work to address the effects of minority stress on health disparities and raise awareness of the ways to continually improve positive experiences for LGTBQ+ individuals seeking inclusive health care for neuromusculoskeletal injuries, conditions, fitness, nutritional, and functional health. General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References Bauermeister, J. A., Connochie, D., Jadwin-Cakmak, L., & Meanley, S. (2017). Gender Policing During Childhood and the Psychological Well-Being of Young Adult Sexual Minority Men in the United States. American journal of men's health, 11(3), 693–701. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988316680938 Kiebel, E., Bosson, J. K., & Caswell, T. A. (2020). Essentialist Beliefs and Sexual Prejudice Toward Feminine Gay Men. Journal of homosexuality, 67(8), 1097–1117. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2019.1603492 Human Rights Watch. "You Don't Want Second Best"—Anti-LGBT Discrimination in US Health Care. Ayhan, C. H. B., Bilgin, H., Uluman, O. T., Sukut, O., Yilmaz, S., & Buzlu, S. (2020). A Systematic Review of the Discrimination Against Sexual and Gender Minority in Health Care Settings. International journal of health services: planning, administration, evaluation, 50(1), 44–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731419885093 Meyer I. H. (1995). Minority stress and mental health in gay men. Journal of health and social behavior, 36(1), 38–56. Puckett, J. A., Maroney, M. R., Levitt, H. M., & Horne, S. G. (2016). Relations between gender expression, minority stress, and mental health in cisgender sexual minority women and men. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 3(4), 489–498. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000201
Staying at home means it can be tough to see a doctor, chiropractor, spine specialist, or neurosurgeon to handle back pain, especially when it tends to flare up at the most inconvenient times. There are still options, here’s what to do. What options are available when you want to see a doctor about back pain, but getting to the clinic can be a challenge. Fortunately, there are a variety of tools to handle back pain that can provide some relief. - Ice is a great place to start to relieve pain.
- Hot/Warm baths combined with Epsom salt
- Microwavable hot packs can help
- Over-the-counter pain medications like Motrin are one of the best medicines for non-traumatic back pain inflammation.
Heat Packs/Heat Therapy Heat therapy promotes vasodilation and draws nutrient-rich blood into the targeted tissues. Increased blood flow delivers oxygen and nutrients and cell waste is removed. The warmth decreases muscle spasms, relaxes tense muscles, relieves pain, and increases range of motion. Superficial heat is available in different forms, which include: - Hot and moist compresses
- Dry or moist heating pads
- Hydrotherapy
- Commercial chemical/gel packs
Remember heat packs in any form should be wrapped in a towel to prevent burns, as a punctured heat pack should be discarded, as the chemical agent/gel can burn skin. Cold Packs/Cold Therapy Cold therapy produces vasoconstriction. This slows blood circulation, which reduces inflammation, muscle spasms, and pain. Superficial cold is also available in different forms, which include: - Commercial cold packs
- Ice cubes
- Iced towels/compresses
- Hydrotherapy.
The application of cold therapy is usually less than 15 minutes, as the effects of cold are known to last longer than heat. Cold packs or ice should never be applied directly to the skin. A towel, should be placed between the cold object and the skin surface to prevent any skin and nerve damage. A punctured cold pack should be discarded, as the chemical agent/gel will also burn the skin. Telemedicine It might be hard to believe that a virtual video visit can work to handle back pain. On a video call, a chiropractor is unable to physically palpate the sore areas and measure the range of motion and strength. However, this should not discourage you from scheduling a virtual appointment. Telemedicine, without a physical examination, can be highly beneficial. A chiropractor can start the process of ordering tests, like MRI, X-ray, etc. Even if the pain is tolerable, meaning the kind that doesn’t need medicine or imaging tests, this should not be an excuse to skip an orthopedic visit. With telemedicine, a chiropractor can still give advice, show back stretches, exercises, order back pain supplements, and talk about the risks and benefits of treatments available to try on your own. Physical Therapy With chronic low back pain, chances are your chiropractor suggested physical therapy or PT. Now is the time to bring back those PT exercises, especially with a back-pain flare-up. Low-back pain or any back pain for that matter with no neurological issues, could mean that a stretching and exercise program is all that is needed. Find out if your chiropractor or a physical therapist offers other options: - Patient portal communication or e-visits.
- Uploads of illustrated handouts describing how to do various stretches and exercises.
- Remote evaluation. The individual submits pictures or a video of their movements for personalized feedback, which the chiropractor or physical therapist evaluates and provides.
Get Active Evidence shows that being active is better than resting. Moving increases the blood flow to the muscles, which helps with muscle spasms, trigger points, tense muscles/ligaments, and other issues. Pilates Pilates focuses on controlled movement, breathing, and stretching. A review found Pilates can be a highly effective and beneficial approach to handle back pain and related discomfort. Check out beginner Pilates videos. Be sure to avoid any move/s that cause pain, worsens the existing pain, or generate new pain. Yoga A review found that yoga can help improve mobility and decrease pain. If this is a new practice, start with gentle yoga or restorative yoga. Walking Going for a walk is easy, accessible, and is beneficial for the spine. Walking can be as effective as non-drug interventions in decreasing pain and discomfort in chronic low-back pain. Simple movements along with rollers and massagers can handle back pain as well. These include: - Self-massage with a tennis ball
- Foam rolling
- Hand-held massager
- Stretching
- McKenzie Method, comprised of gentle stretching exercises
These strategies and approaches can become the methods and techniques for the relief of existing back-pain in the absence of a doctor, chiropractor, or physical therapist.
Pain Specialists A pain specialist is a medical or osteopathic doctor that treats pain caused by disease, disorder, and trauma. Also known as interventional pain management specialists, these doctors are often anesthesiologists or physiatrists. Pain medicine involves multi-disciplines and team effort with a patient's primary physician, other doctors, and specialists in radiology, psychiatry, oncology, nursing, chiropractic/physical therapy, alternative medicine, etc. Education and Training Upon completion of medical school and a one-year internship, the specialist enters a residency program in anesthesiology, physical medicine or other fields like neurology. Upon residency completion, the doctor completes a one-year fellowship for advanced training in pain medicine. Pain medicine specialists continue medical training and education throughout their careers. Pain Management Goals Pain medicine is aimed at managing acute or chronic pain through pain frequency and intensity reduction and ultimately alleviation. Multidisciplinary treatment programs are utilized to address functional goals and normal day to day chores and activities. A pain treatment plan's goal is to regain well-being, increasing your level of activities like returning to work, school, etc and eliminate medication dependency. Pain Types & Treatment Specialists treat all types of pain. - Acute pain is severe/sharp and can signal something is wrong.
Touching a hot stove or slamming a finger in a door are examples of acute pain. - Chronic pain lasts 6 months or longer.
This type varies from mild to severe and is constant. Spinal arthritis (spondylosis) is an example of chronic pain. It can be difficult to manage, but combining a variety of treatments can show positive results. The pain types include: - Degenerative disease
- Facet joint pain
- Sciatica
- Cervical and lumbar spinal stenosis
- Spondylolisthesis
- Vertebral compression fracture
- Whiplash
An appointment consists of These are like most medical visits. The focus is on the pain, the cause, what factors are contributing, and creating an optimal treatment management plan. - A physical examination
- Neurological examination
- Review of medical history particularly pain history.
Questions can include: - From zero to 10, 10 being the worst, where's your pain at?
- When did it start?
- What were you doing when it started?
- Does it spread or radiate out other areas of the body?
- Is the intensity constant?
- Is it worse at different times of the day or night?
- What helps relieve the pain?
- What worsens the pain?
- What types of treatments have you tried?
- Did it work and to what degree?
- Do you take and what types of, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements?
- Do you take prescription medications?
A drawing of the body could be used to mark where the pain is felt, as well as indicate pain spread and type. Diagnosis Diagnosing the cause of pain is paramount to creating the proper management treatment plan. If the wrong diagnosis is made and the wrong treatment is initiated it might exacerbate the condition and/or create new injuries. This can mean getting: These imaging types help confirm the origin of the pain. When treating spine pain, arm, leg and foot symptoms may also be present. Therefore the correct diagnosis is essential to a successful treatment plan. Spinal disorder pain treatment usually involves other specialists, like a primary care physician, neurosurgeon, orthopedic surgeon, radiologists, oncologists, nurses, chiropractors, physical therapists, and alternative medicine practitioners. We focus on what works for you. We also strive to create fitness and better the body through researched methods and total wellness programs. These programs are natural and use the body’s own ability to achieve goals of improvement, rather than introducing harmful chemicals, controversial hormone replacement, surgery, or addictive drugs. We want you to live a life that is fulfilled with more energy, a positive attitude, better sleep, less pain, proper body weight and educated on how to maintain this way of life. I have made a life of taking care of every one of my patients. I assure you, I will only accept the best for you…
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For individuals with arthritis, can incorporating acupuncture with other therapies help manage pain and other symptoms? Acupuncture For Arthritis Acupuncture has been around for thousands of years and is a form of traditional Chinese medicine that utilizes needles inserted into various parts of the body to relieve pain and inflammation. The practice is based on the concept of life energy that flows throughout the body along pathways called meridians. When the energy flow becomes disrupted, blocked, or injured, pain or illness can present. (Arthritis Foundation. N.D.) Further research is needed to determine how the acupuncture therapeutic mechanisms work and the overall effectiveness. However, there is emerging evidence suggesting that acupuncture can provide symptom relief for individuals with joint pain, especially those with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. (Pei-Chi Chou, Heng-Yi Chu. 2018) Benefits The actual method that reduces the pain and inflammation is still unclear. Theories include that the needles suppress inflammatory responses, improve blood flow, and relax muscles. Although acupuncture cannot cure or reverse arthritis, it may be useful for managing pain and decreasing associated symptoms, especially in combination with other therapies. (Pei-Chi Chou, Heng-Yi Chu. 2018) Rheumatoid Arthritis A systematic review of 43 studies, including humans and animals with rheumatoid arthritis, demonstrated varied results. Several studies showed improvement in symptoms and decreased biological markers of rheumatoid arthritis following one to three sessions of acupuncture for four weeks or more. (Sharon L. Kolasinski et al., 2020) Beneficial outcomes following acupuncture treatment for rheumatoid arthritis include: - Reduced pain
- Reduced joint stiffness
- Improved physical function
The results of the human and animal studies suggested that acupuncture has the potential to down-regulate: - Levels of interleukins
- Levels of tumor necrosis factor
- Specific cell signaling proteins/cytokines involved in the inflammatory response, which become elevated in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. (Pei-Chi Chou, Heng-Yi Chu. 2018)
- Most of the study subjects were also receiving other forms of treatment, especially medication. Therefore, it is difficult to conclude how beneficial acupuncture is alone or as a supplemental addition to other medical treatments. (Pei-Chi Chou, Heng-Yi Chu. 2018)
Osteoarthritis Acupuncture for osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee is recommended, according to the American College of Rheumatology and Arthritis Foundation, meaning that it may be worth trying, although more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness. However, since the risk is relatively minor, acupuncture is generally considered a safe alternative treatment option for managing the symptoms. (Sharon L. Kolasinski et al., 2020) Chronic Pain As clinical trials suggest that acupuncture may be effective in providing pain relief, it may be a recommended option for individuals suffering from chronic pain. A recent systematic review of 20,827 patients and 39 trials concluded that acupuncture is effective for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain, headache, and osteoarthritis pain. (Andrew J. Vickers et al., 2018) Other possible benefits include the antioxidative effects: (Pei-Chi Chou, Heng-Yi Chu. 2018) - Alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation
- Improving energy metabolism
- Triggering the release of endorphins/hormones that help reduce pain.
Safety - Acupuncture is considered a safe procedure by a licensed and certified professional.
- To practice acupuncture in the United States, an acupuncturist needs a minimum of a master’s degree from a program accredited by the American Academy of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine and a license in the state where they received their acupuncture treatment.
- Doctors with an MD or DO degree licensed in the United States to practice medicine can also be licensed by the American Academy of Medical Acupuncture after additional training.
Risks Risks associated with acupuncture are bleeding and bruising, especially for individuals who have a bleeding disorder like hemophilia or take a blood thinning medication. Individuals are recommended to talk to their healthcare provider to determine if acupuncture is a safe option. Side Effects Most individuals do not experience any side effects, although possible reactions can include: (Shifen Xu et al., 2013) - Soreness
- Bruising
- Scarring
- Needle shock: a vasovagal response that presents as feeling faint, clammy hands, chills, and slight nausea.
Acupuncture Session - During the initial treatment, individuals will discuss their medical history and what joints and areas of their bodies are presenting with symptoms.
- After a physical exam, the individual will lie on a treatment table.
- Individuals may be face up or down depending on what areas of the body the acupuncturist needs to access.
- It is recommended to wear loose clothing that can be rolled up or moved out of the way to access different areas easily.
- Depending on what areas need to be accessed, individuals may be asked to change into a medical gown.
- The acupuncturist will use alcohol swabs to disinfect the area before inserting the needles.
- The needles are made of stainless steel and are extremely thin.
- Individuals may feel a slight pinch in sensitive areas like the hands and feet, but needle insertion should be comfortable and well-tolerated without significant discomfort.
- For electroacupuncture, the acupuncturist will pass a mild electric current through the needles, typically 40 to 80 volts.
- The needles stay in place for 20 to 30 minutes.
- After the treatment is finished, the acupuncturist will remove the needles and dispose of them.
Frequency - The frequency of acupuncture sessions will vary depending on the severity of the symptoms and whether the visits are approved and reimbursed by the health insurance company.
Cost and Insurance - Costs for acupuncture can vary from $75 to $200 per session.
- The first session, which involves an initial assessment and evaluation, usually costs more than follow-up visits.
- Whether the health insurance will cover some or all of the costs of acupuncture sessions depends on the individual insurance company and the condition being treated.
- Medicare currently covers acupuncture services up to 12 visits within a 90-day period for chronic low back pain only.
- Medicare will not cover acupuncture for other conditions. (Medicare.gov. N.D.)
Acupuncture is not a cure for arthritis, but it may be a useful tool to help manage pain and other symptoms. Make sure to consult a healthcare provider if acupuncture is safe to try based on medical history. General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research studies or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to discuss the subject matter above further, please contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References Arthritis Foundation. (N.D.). Acupuncture for arthritis (Health & Wellness, Issue. https://www.arthritis.org/health-wellness/treatment/complementary-therapies/natural-therapies/acupuncture-for-arthritis Chou, P. C., & Chu, H. Y. (2018). Clinical Efficacy of Acupuncture on Rheumatoid Arthritis and Associated Mechanisms: A Systemic Review. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2018, 8596918. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8596918 Kolasinski, S. L., Neogi, T., Hochberg, M. C., Oatis, C., Guyatt, G., Block, J., Callahan, L., Copenhaver, C., Dodge, C., Felson, D., Gellar, K., Harvey, W. F., Hawker, G., Herzig, E., Kwoh, C. K., Nelson, A. E., Samuels, J., Scanzello, C., White, D., Wise, B., … Reston, J. (2020). 2019 American College of Rheumatology/Arthritis Foundation Guideline for the Management of Osteoarthritis of the Hand, Hip, and Knee. Arthritis care & research, 72(2), 149–162. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.24131 Vickers, A. J., Vertosick, E. A., Lewith, G., MacPherson, H., Foster, N. E., Sherman, K. J., Irnich, D., Witt, C. M., Linde, K., & Acupuncture Trialists' Collaboration (2018). Acupuncture for Chronic Pain: Update of an Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis. The journal of pain, 19(5), 455–474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2017.11.005 Xu, S., Wang, L., Cooper, E., Zhang, M., Manheimer, E., Berman, B., Shen, X., & Lao, L. (2013). Adverse events of acupuncture: a systematic review of case reports. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2013, 581203. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/581203 Medicare.gov. (N.D.). Acupuncture. Retrieved from https://www.medicare.gov/coverage/acupuncture
For individuals experiencing pelvis pain symptoms and associated problems, can integrating pelvic floor physical therapy exercises help with treatment and prevention? Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy - The pelvic floor muscles are located at the base of the pelvis and protect the pelvic organs like the vagina, cervix, uterus, bladder, urethra, and rectum. (U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2019)
- They provide posture support, aid in orgasm function, facilitate sphincter function, and help pump lymphatic blood. (Dulcegleika Vilas Boas Sartori, et al., 2021) (Varuna Raizada, Ravinder K. Mittal. 2008)
When the muscles fail to function correctly, individuals can experience symptoms like: - Painful intercourse
- Prolapse - when an organ or tissue drops or shifts out of place.
- Urinary incontinence
- Constipation problems
- These conditions are common in pregnant individuals or older women.
These symptoms can be treated with pelvic floor physical therapy to alleviate discomfort. Pelvic floor physical therapy can help women and individuals with vaginas: - Alleviate issues like painful sex, urinary leakage, and prolapse.
- In physical therapy, individuals work on breathing, relaxation, and lengthening and strengthening techniques to train their muscles to function optimally.
Causes of Pelvic Floor Issues Pelvic floor dysfunction tends to happen with age, during pregnancy, or in combination with events like the postpartum period and menopause, which can lower hormone levels. - Individuals who are pregnant are especially prone to pelvic floor issues but might not know they have a problem.
- The pregnancy weight of a uterus can pressure and strain the muscles.
- Vaginal childbirth can also stretch or weaken the muscles. (Ilaria Soave, et al., 2019)
Symptoms Symptoms can include: (Columbia Surgery. 2022) - Pain in the pelvis region
- Back pain
- Painful urination
- Constipation
- Urinary leakage or incontinence
- Stool leakage or incontinence
- Painful intercourse
- If left untreated, these symptoms can worsen over time.
Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy An individual will meet with a specialist to discuss symptoms and undergo a physical examination that includes: - Pelvic floor exam.
- Evaluation of posture, mobility, and core strength.
- Once the initial exams and evaluation are complete, the practitioner will go over pelvic floor exercises and provide a treatment plan.
- Recommended exercises vary based on symptoms but focus on relaxing, stretching, and/or strengthening muscles.
Muscle Relaxation - To relax the muscles, a therapist may recommend breathing exercises.
- For pregnant individuals, this means timing breaths with contractions.
- For individuals experiencing constipation, breathing exercises can help the body relax and reduce strain.
Stretching Muscles - Stretching can help relieve muscle tightness and stiffness.
- A therapist may help stretch the pelvic floor through various therapy modalities.
- This type of physical therapy can help loosen tight muscles or help gently reset dislocated organs back into place.
Strengthening Muscles - After the pelvic floor is loose and relaxed, the focus typically switches to strengthening the muscles.
- Strength work may target abdominal muscles or the pelvic floor muscles themselves.
With time, commitment, and targeted treatment, individuals can use pelvic floor physical therapy to loosen tissues, strengthen muscles, and restore function. General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research studies or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, don't hesitate to get in touch with Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2019). Pelvic organ prolapse (pop). Sartori, D. V. B., Kawano, P. R., Yamamoto, H. A., Guerra, R., Pajolli, P. R., & Amaro, J. L. (2021). Pelvic floor muscle strength is correlated with sexual function. Investigative and clinical urology, 62(1), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.4111/icu.20190248 Raizada, V., & Mittal, R. K. (2008). Pelvic floor anatomy and applied physiology. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 37(3), 493–vii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gtc.2008.06.003 Soave, I., Scarani, S., Mallozzi, M., Nobili, F., Marci, R., & Caserta, D. (2019). Pelvic floor muscle training for prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence during pregnancy and after childbirth and its effect on urinary system and supportive structures assessed by objective measurement techniques. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 299(3), 609–623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-018-5036-6 Columbia Surgery. (2022). Pelvic floor disorders: frequently asked questions.
For individuals with a broken collarbone, can conservative treatment help in the rehabilitation process? Broken Collarbone Broken collarbones are very common orthopedic injuries that can occur in any age group. Also known as the clavicle, it is the bone over the top of the chest, between the breastbone/sternum and the shoulder blade/scapula. The clavicle can be easily seen because only skin covers a large part of the bone. Clavicle fractures are extremely common, and account for 2% - 5% of all fractures. (Radiopaedia. 2023) Broken collarbones occur in: - Babies - usually during birth.
- Children and adolescents - because the clavicle does not fully develop until the late teens.
- Athletes - because of the risks of being hit or falling.
- Through various types of accidents and falls.
- The majority of broken collarbones can be treated with nonsurgical treatments, usually, with a sling to let the bone heal and physical therapy and rehabilitation.
- Sometimes, when clavicle fractures are significantly shifted out of alignment, surgical treatment may be recommended.
- There are treatment options that should be discussed with an orthopedic surgeon, physical therapist, and/or a chiropractor.
- A broken collarbone is not more serious than other broken bones.
- Once the broken bone heals, most individuals have a full range of motion and can return to the activities before the fracture. (Johns Hopkins Medicine. 2023)
Types Broken clavicle injuries are separated into three types depending on the location of the fracture. (Radiopaedia. 2023) Mid-Shaft Clavicle Fractures - These occur in the central area which can be a simple crack, separation, and/or fractured into many pieces.
- Multiple breaks - segmental fractures.
- Significant displacement - separation.
- Shortened length of the bone.
Distal Clavicle Fractures - These happen close to the end of the collarbone at the shoulder joint.
- This part of the shoulder is called the acromioclavicular/AC joint.
- Distal clavicle fractures can have similar treatment options as an AC joint injury.
Medial Clavicle Fractures - These are less common and often related to injury to the sternoclavicular joint.
- The sternoclavicular joint supports the shoulder and is the only joint that connects the arm to the body.
- Growth plate fractures of the clavicle can be seen into the late teens and early 20s.
Symptoms Common symptoms of a broken collarbone include: (National Library of Medicine: MedlinePlus. 2022) - Pain over the collarbone.
- Shoulder pain.
- Difficulty moving the arm.
- Difficulty raising the arm from the side.
- Swelling and bruising around the shoulder.
- The bruising can extend down to the chest and armpit.
- Numbness and tingling down the arm.
- Deformity of the collarbone.
- In addition to the swelling, some individuals may have a bump in the place where the fracture occurred.
- It can take several months for this bump to fully heal, but this is normal.
- If the bump appears inflamed or irritated, inform a healthcare provider.
Clavicular Swelling - When the sternoclavicular joint swells up or gets bigger, it is referred to as clavicular swelling.
- It is commonly caused by trauma, disease, or an infection that affects the fluid found in the joints. (John Edwin, et al., 2018)
Diagnosis - At the healthcare clinic or emergency room, an X-ray will be obtained to assess for the specific type of fracture.
- They will perform an examination to ensure the nerves and blood vessels surrounding the broken collarbone are unsevered.
- The nerves and vessels are rarely injured, but in severe cases, these injuries can occur.
Treatment Treatment is accomplished either by allowing the bone to heal or by surgical procedures to restore the proper alignment. Some common treatments for broken bones are not used for clavicle fractures. - For example, casting a broken collarbone is not done.
- In addition, resetting the bone or a closed reduction is not done because there is no way to hold the broken bone in proper alignment without surgery.
If surgery is an option the healthcare provider looks at the following factors: (UpToDate. 2023) Location of Fracture and Degree of Displacement - Nondisplaced or minimally displaced fractures are usually managed without surgery.
Age - Younger individuals have an increased ability to recover from fractures without surgery.
Shortening of the Fracture Fragment - Displaced fractures can heal, but when there is a pronounced shortening of the collarbone, surgery is probably necessary.
Other Injuries - Individuals with head injuries or multiple fractures can be treated without surgery.
Patient Expectations - When the injury involves an athlete, heavy job occupation, or the arm is the dominant extremity, there can be more reason for surgery.
Dominant Arm - When fractures occur in the dominant arm, the effects are more likely to be noticeable.
The majority of these fractures can be managed without surgery, but there are situations where surgery can produce better results. Supports for Non-surgical Treatment - A sling or figure-8 clavicle brace.
- The figure-8 brace has not been shown to affect fracture alignment, and many individuals generally find a sling more comfortable. (UpToDate. 2023)
- Broken collarbones should heal within 6–12 weeks in adults
- 3–6 weeks in children
- Younger patients are usually back to full activities before 12 weeks.
- The pain usually subsides within a few weeks. (4
- Immobilization is rarely needed beyond a few weeks, and with a doctor's clearance light activity and gentle motion rehabilitation usually begins.
General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from various disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References Radiopaedia. Clavicular fracture. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Clavicle fractures. National Library of Medicine: MedlinePlus. Broken collarbone - aftercare. UpToDate. Clavicle fractures. Edwin, J., Ahmed, S., Verma, S., Tytherleigh-Strong, G., Karuppaiah, K., & Sinha, J. (2018). Swellings of the sternoclavicular joint: review of traumatic and non-traumatic pathologies. EFORT open reviews, 3(8), 471–484. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.170078
Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis or nr-axSpA and non-radiographic ankylosing spondylitis/AS are related. However, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis can present AS symptoms with active inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac/SI joints, causing back and hip pain but does not reveal joint damage on X-rays or MRIs. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic can explain what it means to have non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, how it can be managed, and what to do to prevent it from turning into ankylosing spondylitis. Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis means there are early AS symptoms but have not developed enough joint inflammation or damage to show up on an X-ray or other form of imaging. Early evidence of joint inflammation includes blurring of the joint edges and localized regions of joint erosion. It can be difficult for physicians to see these subtle changes on an x-ray. Ankylosing Spondylitis - Ankylosing spondylitis, or AS, is a form of inflammatory arthritis that affects joints in the spine and elsewhere.
- It is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease.
- Medical research is still ongoing to determine the exact cause, but a genetic component is believed to be contributing factor.
- Around 85% of individuals with ankylosing spondylitis have inherited the HLA-B27 gene, which is associated with multiple autoimmune conditions.
- In the early stages, individuals will present lower back pain around the sacroiliac joints or the joints that connect the spine to the pelvis.
- Later stages have more obvious X-ray findings, like the fusing of the sacroiliac joints and the lower spine that takes place over time.
- Joint inflammation can progress, causing permanent joint damage and spine rigidity.
- Most individuals with the condition can manage their symptoms with NSAIDs, chiropractic care, physical and massage therapy, and range of motion exercises.
Stage 1 - There is no evidence of spinal inflammation on x-rays.
- MRI provides more detailed images of bones and may reveal bone marrow edema or accumulation of fluid in the structures of the spinal bones and joints.
- Individuals with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, you are here.
Stage 2 - There is visible inflammation of the spinal joints on the x-ray.
- The sacroiliac joints between the spine and the pelvis are the most affected.
Stage 3 - Chronic inflammation of the joints has caused bone loss and permanent joint damage, resulting in spine rigidity.
Symptoms of Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis There are differences between back pain associated with muscle strain and arthritis. Back pain symptoms include: - Starts to present before age 40.
- It has a gradual onset and can go unnoticed for years.
- Improves with movement or activity.
- Eases up throughout the day.
- Starts up in the evening when resting.
Other symptoms include: - Joint stiffness
- Swollen fingers
- Heel pain
- Bilateral buttock discomfort and pain
Slowing Progression Progression from non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis to ankylosing spondylitis occurs in 10% - 20% of individuals over a two-year period. Progression factors include genetics, gender, degree of joint damage, and level of inflammatory markers at the time of diagnosis. - Early diagnosis and treatment can slow the progression before significant joint damage with anti-inflammatory therapy, rheumatological therapy, and targeted exercise.
- Work with a specialist like an orthopedic spine specialist and rheumatologist that understands the disorder and is up to date on the most recent treatment modalities.
- A rheumatologist will perform diagnostic tests, including spine X-rays, genetic blood work, and serum inflammatory markers.
- Individuals with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis should expect to have serial X-rays to gauge the progression of the disease.
- Staying healthy and active is recommended to slow the progression of nr-AxSpA and AS.
- Recent medical advances and lifestyle adjustments can slow the progression in most cases.
General Disclaimer * The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please contact Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico* References Six tips for living well with ankylosing spondylitis. Available at https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ankylosing-spondylitis/in-depth/6-tips-for-living-well-with-ankylosing-spondylitis/art-20478753. Accessed 11/07/2022. Ankylosing spondylitis. Mayo Clinic. Available at https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ankylosing-spondylitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354808. Accessed 11/05/2022. D. J. Pradeep, A. Keat, K. Gaffney, Predicting outcome in ankylosing spondylitis, Rheumatology, Volume 47, Issue 7, July 2008, Pages 942–945, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/ken195 Kucybała, Iwona, et al. "Radiologic approach to axial spondyloarthritis: where are we now and where are we heading?." Rheumatology international vol. 38,10 (2018): 1753-1762. doi:10.1007/s00296-018-4130-1 Michelena, Xabier, López-Medina, Clementina, and Helena Marzo-Ortega. "Non-radiographic versus radiographic axSpA: what's in a name?"." National Center for Biotechnology Information. October 14, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa422 Swift D. Ankylosing spondylitis: disease progression varies widely. Medpage Today. Accessed 11/05/2022.Available at https://www.medpagetoday.com/rheumatology/arthritis/49096
Spinal Cord Injuries Are Not Only Caused by Trauma When people think of spinal cord injury/s or SCI's, traumatic events like a major auto accident, hard fall, severe sports injury or intense work injury come to mind. It is true that auto accidents are the leading cause, however, non-traumatic accidents and diseases like a spinal tumor can also cause spinal cord injuries. These types of injuries involve damage to the spinal cord that can temporarily or permanently affect its functionality. Spinal cord injuries are divided into 2 categories: traumatic and non-traumatic. Even with non-traumatic injuries the impact or severity is not lessened and the aftermath can have a devastating effect on a person’s life. Spinal Cord Injury Trauma - Vehicle crashes: Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of traumatic spinal cord injuries, and they account for 40% of all SCI's.
- Falls: Falls are the second cause of traumatic spinal cord injuries, and they account for 32% of injuries.
- Sports: Sports and recreational activities cause around 9.0% of traumatic spinal cord injuries.
- Violence: Violent acts, like gunshot wounds or a stabbing cause around 14% of spinal cord injuries.
Spinal cord injuries occur more in men than women with 80% of cases affecting men. Although people of all ages can experience SCI, there are activities/events that increase the risk that affects different age groups more than others. An example is high-impact actions like motor vehicle accidents and sports injuries occur more in young adults. Conversely, spinal cord injuries caused by a fall happens more in adults over age 60. Regardless, SCI occurs more in the neck or cervical spine. Around 60% of cases involve the neck, followed by the mid-back or thoracic spine that averages to around 32% of injuries. Although most people experience low-back pain, only 9% of spinal injuries occur in the low back and tailbone or lumbosacral spine. Understanding SCI Trauma Damage to the spinal cord not only affects the area where the point of impact occurred. The primary injury can also damage cells, dislocate the vertebrae and cause spinal compression. It can also trigger secondary injuries, that cause a series of biological changes. This can happen within weeks or months after the injury. The secondary injury cascade processes: Glial cells along with the nerve cells in the spinal cord begin to die. These cells provide nutrients and other support to the nerve cells in the central nervous system. This consists of the brain and spinal cord. The blood vessels in the spinal cord lose their ability to function, and this reduces the blood supply to the cord. When the blood supply becomes inadequate it is called ischemia. Blood vessel injuries expose the cord to inflammatory cells that in turn cause swelling. When the spinal cord becomes inflamed the spinal cord gets more and more compressed. If this happens the initial injury progressively worsens. This changes the cord’s structure and its normal operation. The secondary injury cascade can interfere with the cord’s ability to heal itself. This means an individual could experience permanent nerve pain and dysfunction. Non-traumatic SCI Spinal cord damage does not only happen with traumatic events. An SCI can also be caused by non-traumatic diseases in the spine. Tumors are the leading cause, but infections and degenerative disc disease can also cause serious damage. Non-traumatic SCI's happen more than traumatic based ones. The incidence of traumatic SCI in North America comes to around 54 cases per one million people. With the incidence of non-traumatic SCI is around 1,227 cases per million people. Healthy Spinal Cord Injury Outcomes Spine researchers are making great strides in developing optimal protective and regenerative treatments to improve spinal cord health after these injuries occur. Currently, innovative medical, surgical, cell-based and alternative treatments are furthering the medical community’s understanding of SCI's. This is dramatically improving the quality of life and creating positive futures for individuals who experience these injuries. NCBI Resources The muscles in the back keep the spine moving and functioning properly. When the spine or abdominal muscles are weak this creates a higher probability of a back strain or injury. Having strong, healthy spine muscles are important because they function in maintaining correct posture, which in some cases, causes chronic back pain because of poor posture. If only one part of the body is strengthened like the back is not enough. Therefore strengthening the rest of the body is a must. These include the body’s core and leg muscles. Total body strength will reduce back pain and can help perform regular activities, like lifting heavy objects much easier, with more confidence and with a lesser probability of injury.
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Kinesiology tape for sacroiliac joint pain relief. Find out how it can increase blood flow, facilitate muscular function, and reduce pain. For answers to any questions you may have, call Dr. Alexander Jimenez at 915-850-0900 or 915-412-6677